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Amblyopia, which is more commonly called "lazy eye," is poor sight in a normal eye. There's usually nothing wrong with the eye itself; it's just that the brain does not learn how to interpret the messages coming from that eye. Some people think "lazy eye" means a wandering or misaligned eye - this is incorrect.
As many as 6 percent of newborns have a blockage of a tear duct in the eye. This condition is called dacryostenosis or congenital (present at birth) lacrimal duct obstruction. Tears help clean and lubricate the eye and are produced in the lacrimal gland located under the bone of the eyebrow.
Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye. The conjunctiva consists of the membrane that lines the inside of the eye and also a thin membrane that covers the actual eye.
Hyphema refers to blood in the anterior chamber of the eye. The anterior chamber is the front section of the eye's interior where fluid flows in and out, providing nourishment to the eye and surrounding tissues. A hyphema is usually caused by a trauma to the eye. Blood is seen in the eyeball. This is a medical emergency and immediate medical care is necessary.
A cataract isn't really something that grows. It's just a cloudiness of the lens of the eye, which is supposed to be crystal clear. Imagine if the clear lens of your camera just turned white. That's basically a cataract. Even if it just developed a white dot in the middle, that would still be a cataract.